Consistent Export Growth: 16.01% CAGR Over 8 Years
India's exports under HSN Chapter 28 have grown at a compound annual rate of 16.01% over 8 fiscal years, rising from ₹14,056.26 Crore in FY 2018-19 to ₹39,760.51 Crore in FY 2025-26.
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28 HSN Code: Inorganic Chemicals & Rare-Earth Metal Compounds
HSN Chapter 28 represents Inorganic Chemicals & Rare-Earth Metal Compounds under GST classification. This code helps businesses identify Inorganic Chemicals & Rare-Earth Metal Compounds correctly for billing, taxation, and trade purposes. With HSN Chapter 28, companies can avoid errors in invoices, simplify compliance, and enable hassle-free import/export of Inorganic Chemicals & Rare-Earth Metal Compounds.
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Sub-chapters under HSN Chapter 28
Following Sub Chapters fall under Inorganic Chemicals & Rare-Earth Metal Compounds:
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
Old GST Rate
Description
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
5% or 18%
5% for iodine; 18% for other halogens.
Old GST Rate
12% or 18%
Description
Fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Sulphur, sublimed or precipitated;colloidal sulphur
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Carbon (carbon blacks and other forms of carbon not elsewhere specified or included)
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
5% or 18%
5% for medical-grade oxygen; 18% for other gases and elements.
Old GST Rate
12% or 18%
Description
Hydrogen, rare gases and other non-metals
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
5% or 18%
5% for nuclear-grade sodium; 18% for other metals and grades.
Old GST Rate
5% or 18%
Description
Alkali or alkaline-earth metals;rare-earth metals,scandium and yttrium,whether or not intermixed or interalloyed; mercury
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Hydrogen chloride (hydrochloric acid);chlorosulphuric acid
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
5% or 18%
5% for sulphuric acid; 18% for oleum.
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Sulphuric acid; oleum
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
5% or 18%
5% for nitric acid; 18% for sulphonitric acids.
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Nitric acid; sulphonitric acids
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
5% or 18%
5% for fertilizer-grade phosphoric acid; 18% for other acids and phosphorus pentoxide.
Old GST Rate
5% or 18%
Description
Diphosphorus pentaoxide; phosphoric acid;polyphosphoric acids, whether or not chemically defined
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Oxides of boron; boric acids
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Other inorganic acids and other inorganic oxygen compounds of non-metals
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Halides and halide oxides of non-metals
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Sulphides of non-metals; commercial phosphorus trisulphide
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
5
%
Essential
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Ammonia, anhydrous or in aqueous solution
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda); potassium hydroxide (caustic potash); peroxides of sodium or potassium
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Hydroxide and peroxide of magnesium;oxides, hydroxides and peroxides, of strontium or barium
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Artificial corundum, whether or not chemically defined;aluminium oxide; aluminium hydroxide
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Chromium oxides and hydroxides
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Iron oxides and hydroxides; earth colours containing 70% or more by weight of combined iron evaluated as fe2o3
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Cobalt oxides and hydroxides;commercial cobalt oxides
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Lead oxides; red lead and orange lead
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic salts; other inorganic bases; other metal oxides,hydroxides and peroxides
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Fluorides; fluorosilicates, fluoroaluminates and other complex fluorine salts
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Chlorides, chloride oxides and chloride hydroxides; bromides and bromide oxides; iodides and iodide oxides
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Hypochlorites; commercial calcium hypochlorites; chlorites; hypobromites
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
5% or 18%
5% for potassium iodate; 18% for other chlorates, perchlorates, bromates, iodates and periodates.
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Chlorates and perchlorates; bromates and perbromates; iodates and periodates
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Sulphides; polysulphides, whether or not chemically defined
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Dithionites and sulphoxylates
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
5% or 18%
5% for drugs and bulk drugs (APIs) of this heading, including their salts and esters; 18% for other goods.
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Sulphates; alums; peroxosulphates (persulphates)
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
0% or 18%
Exempt for animal-feed-grade dicalcium phosphate meeting IS 5470:2002; 18% for other goods.
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Phosphinates (hypophosphites), phosphonates (phosphites) and phosphates; polyphosphates,whether or not chemically defined
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Carbonates; peroxocarbonates (percarbonates); commercial ammonium carbonate containing ammonium carbamate
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
5% or 18%
5% for drugs and bulk drugs (APIs) of this heading, including their salts and esters; 18% for other goods.
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Cyanides, cyanide oxides and complex cyanides
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
5% or 18%
5% for drugs and bulk drugs (APIs) of this heading, including their salts and esters; 18% for other goods.
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Silicates; commercial alkali metal silicates
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Borates; peroxoborates (perborates)
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Salts of oxometallic or peroxometallic acids
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Other salts of inorganic acids or peroxoacids, (including aluminosilicates, whether or not chemically defined), other than azides
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Colloidal precious metals; inorganic or organic compounds of precious metals,whether or not chemically defined; amalgams of precious metals
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
5% or 18%
18% for radioactive elements and compounds; thorium oxalate is 5%, and goods supplied as nuclear fuel are 5%.
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Radioactive chemical elements and radioactive isotopes (including the fissile or fertile chemical elements and isotopes) and their compounds; mixtures and residues containing these products
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
5% or 18%
5% for heavy water, other nuclear fuels, enriched elemental boron and enriched potassium fluoroborate; 18% for other isotopes and compounds.
Old GST Rate
5% or 18%
Description
Isotopes other than those of heading 2844;compounds, inorganic or organic, of such isotopes, whether or not chemically defined
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Compounds, inorganic or organic, of rare-earth metals, of yttrium or of scandium or of mixtures of these metals
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
5% or 18%
5% for medicinal-grade hydrogen peroxide; 18% for other grades.
Old GST Rate
12% or 18%
Description
Hydrogen peroxide, whether or not solidified with urea
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Carbides, whether or not chemically defined
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Hydrides, nitrides, azides, silicides and borides, whether or not chemically defined,other than compounds which are also carbides of heading 2849
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
18
%
Standard
Old GST Rate
18
%
Description
Inorganic or organic compounds of mercury,whether or not chemically defined, excluding amalgams
Sub Chapter
New GST Rate
5% or 18%
5% for compressed air; 18% for other inorganic compounds, liquid air and purified water.
Old GST Rate
5% or 18%
Description
Other inorganic compounds (including distilled or conductivity water and water of similar purity); liquid air (whether or not rare gases have been removed); compressed air; amalgams, other than amalgams of precious metals
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India’s Trade Performance — HSN Chapter 28 in FY 2025-26
TradeStat EIDB — Ministry of Commerce & Industry
FY 2018-19–FY 2025-26
Values in ₹ Crore
India’s Exports
FY 2025-26₹39,761 Cr
+15.55%
vs FY 2024-25
1.0192% of India’s total exports
India’s Imports
FY 2025-26₹1,24,190 Cr
+28.73%
vs FY 2024-25
1.8112% of India’s total imports
Trade Balance
FY 2025-26−₹84,430 Cr
Trade Deficit
Surplus rank #88 of 97 chapters
At a glance
16.01%
Export CAGR
FY 2018-19 → FY 2025-26 · 8 fiscal years
#23
National Export Rank
of 97 chapters by export value, FY 2025-26
+60.96%
Peak Growth Year
FY 2021-22 · strongest single-year move
2.8×
Export Growth · 8Y
₹14,056.26 Cr → ₹39,760.51 Cr
India Export-Import Trade Statistics for HSN Chapter 28
8-year export and import data, FY 2018-19 to FY 2025-26, in ₹ Crore. Source: Ministry of Commerce & Industry, TradeStat EIDB.
FY 2018-19
Exp. Rank #30
Balance
−39,180.53
Exports
14,056.26 ₹ Cr
0.6094% share
— YoY
Imports
53,236.79 ₹ Cr
1.4811% share
— YoY
FY 2019-20
Exp. Rank #36
Balance
−32,533.19
Exports
12,512.19 ₹ Cr
0.5640% share
−10.98% YoY
Imports
45,045.38 ₹ Cr
1.3404% share
−15.39% YoY
FY 2020-21
Exp. Rank #38
Balance
−38,654.39
Exports
12,301.07 ₹ Cr
0.5699% share
−1.69% YoY
Imports
50,955.46 ₹ Cr
1.7476% share
+13.12% YoY
FY 2021-22
Exp. Rank #29
Balance
−56,556.00
Exports
19,800.09 ₹ Cr
0.6293% share
+60.96% YoY
Imports
76,356.09 ₹ Cr
1.6698% share
+49.85% YoY
FY 2022-23
Exp. Rank #24
Balance
−76,253.34
Exports
26,641.66 ₹ Cr
0.7358% share
+34.55% YoY
Imports
1,02,895.00 ₹ Cr
1.7896% share
+34.76% YoY
FY 2023-24
Exp. Rank #28
Balance
−49,101.23
Exports
26,551.95 ₹ Cr
0.7338% share
−0.34% YoY
Imports
75,653.18 ₹ Cr
1.3471% share
−26.48% YoY
FY 2024-25
Exp. Rank #25
Balance
−62,060.54
Exports
34,411.05 ₹ Cr
0.9292% share
+29.60% YoY
Imports
96,471.59 ₹ Cr
1.5820% share
+27.52% YoY
FY 2025-26
Exp. Rank #23
Balance
−84,429.50
Exports
39,760.51 ₹ Cr
1.0192% share
+15.55% YoY
Imports
1,24,190.01 ₹ Cr
1.8112% share
+28.73% YoY
CAGR · 8-Year
Exports
16.01% /yr
Imports
12.86% /yr
Consistently Deficit
Peak export growth year
Latest available data
Not available
YoY = change vs previous FY
Key Trade Insights: HSN Chapter 28 Export-Import Analysis
HSN Chapter 28 Ranked #23 Among All 97 Chapters by Export Value
In FY 2025-26, HSN Chapter 28 ranks #23 out of 97 chapters by total export value. By trade surplus, it ranks #88 of 97.
FY 2021-22 Was the Strongest Growth Year for HSN Chapter 28 Exports
The strongest single-year export movement for HSN Chapter 28 was recorded in FY 2021-22, when exports surged by 60.96% over the prior year.
India Records a Trade Deficit of ₹84,429.50 Crore in HSN Chapter 28 Goods
In FY 2025-26, India's imports of ₹1,24,190.01 Cr exceeded exports of ₹39,760.51 Cr, resulting in a trade deficit of ₹84,429.50 Crore — ranking #88 of 97 by surplus magnitude.
Import Growth of 12.86% CAGR Signals Rising Demand for Inorganic Chemicals & Rare-Earth Metal Compounds
India's imports under HSN Chapter 28 have grown at 12.86% CAGR, reaching ₹1,24,190.01 Crore in FY 2025-26.
Important Disclaimer
The above does not constitute professional advice or a formal recommendation. We recommend consulting a professional tax consultant before acting on the information contained in this piece of content.